Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Indian women, and it can very often be treated successfully when found early. Screening looks for changes before they can be felt or noticed.

What it involves: a clinical breast examination by a trained health worker or doctor, plus knowing your own body well enough to notice a change. A mammogram may be advised by your doctor depending on your age and risk.

See a doctor promptly about any new lump, change in the shape or skin of the breast, or discharge — at any age.

Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable cancers. Screening can find early changes years before they would ever become cancer, and those changes are easily treated.

What it involves: a visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), or an HPV test where available — both quick procedures done by a trained clinician. Separately, the HPV vaccine prevents most cervical cancers and is most effective when given before adolescence.

Oral cancer is among the most common cancers in India, closely linked to tobacco in all its forms. It is also one of the easiest to check for — and one where early detection makes the biggest difference to survival.

What it involves: a visual and physical examination of the mouth, tongue, gums and cheeks by a doctor or dentist. You can also stay alert to changes yourself.

See a doctor or dentist about any mouth ulcer, white or red patch, lump, or area that does not heal within 2–3 weeks — especially if you use tobacco.